✈. Laser Attacks in Aviation: A Growing Threat and How Pilots Can Respond

 

 Introduction

Laser attacks on aircraft have become a persistent and dangerous threat to aviation safety. These incidents typically involve individuals on the ground pointing high-powered laser beams at aircraft, often during takeoff or landing. While seemingly harmless to the untrained eye, these attacks can have serious consequences for pilots, passengers, and air traffic safety.

What Are Laser Attacks?

Laser attacks occur when a laser beam is directed at an aircraft, often from the ground. The beam can enter the cockpit and cause:

· Temporary blindness or flash blindness

· Glare and distraction

· Eye injuries

· Disorientation

These effects are especially hazardous during critical flight phases such as takeoff, approach, and landing.

The Scope of the Problem

Laser attack in Canadian Airspace

· In 2023, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recorded 13,304 laser strikes, the highest ever.

· In 2025, over 3,700 incidents were reported in the U.S. by April alone.

· Most attacks occur below 10,000 feet, where aircraft are closer to the ground and more vulnerable.

Why Are Laser Attacks Dangerous?

1. Visual Impairment: Pilots may experience temporary blindness, making it difficult to read instruments or see the runway.

2. Startle Effect: A sudden flash can cause panic or distraction.

3. Crew Coordination Breakdown: Disruption in communication and task sharing.

4. Potential for Long-Term Injury: High-powered lasers can cause retinal damage.

How Pilots Can Respond to Laser Attacks

1. Avoid Direct Eye Contact

Pilots are trained to look away from the beam and avoid staring directly into the light.

2. Use Protective Eyewear

Some airlines equip pilots with laser-filtering glasses, especially in high-risk areas.

3. Report Immediately

Pilots must:

· Inform Air Traffic Control (ATC) immediately.

· Provide details such as location, altitude, and direction of the beam.

· File a Laser Incident Report post-flight.

4. Maintain Control

Pilots are trained to:

· Transfer control to the unaffected pilot if one is temporarily blinded.

· Use autopilot if available to maintain stability.

5. Medical Evaluation

If a pilot is affected, they should undergo a medical check to assess any eye damage or lingering effects.

6 Self-Assessment Tool for Pilots

The CAA has developed a self-assessment tool for pilots who have been involved in a laser attack which can help determine whether they have sustained an eye injury.   The Aviation Laser Exposure Self Assessment (ALESA) tool is freely available online as a downloadable file that pilots can print off and use straight away or keep in their flight bags.

Technological and Legal Countermeasures

Detection Systems

· Airports and law enforcement use laser detection systems to locate attackers.

· Some aircraft are being tested with laser-resistant windshields.

⚖ Legal Action

· In many countries, pointing a laser at an aircraft is a criminal offense.

· Offenders face fines, imprisonment, and federal charges.

Global Efforts and Awareness

· ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) promotes global awareness and safety protocols.

· Public education campaigns aim to inform about the dangers and legal consequences of laser misuse.

Conclusion

Laser attacks are not just pranks—they are serious threats to aviation safety. Through a combination of pilot training, technological innovation, and strict legal enforcement, the aviation industry continues to combat this growing hazard. Awareness and vigilance remain key to ensuring the skies stay safe for everyone.